Impact crater

Hercules

A northern crater paired with Atlas. Their proximity makes them a useful comparison target during the same observing session.

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Hercules and surrounding lunar terrain in the LROC Wide Angle Camera mosaic
Hercules · North up, east right. Open image ↗
NASA / GSFC / Arizona State University · LROC WAC mosaic via USGS. Regional map crop; lighting is fixed and does not follow the selected date.
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Lunar north up, with geocentric libration. Full atlas mode shows the entire facing surface; switch to Selected phase for today’s illumination. Choose a different date in the atlas.

How to observe Hercules

Compare the interiors and rim shapes of the pair, keeping both in the field of view before zooming in.

Finding the region

Look at 46.82° N, 39.21° E on the lunar disc. The chart marker identifies the catalogue centre. Start with a wide field and use the nearby formations below as landmarks.

Equipment & conditions

Start at low magnification to identify the rim. Move to a moderate power when the air is steady; low sunlight usually makes walls and floor relief easier to distinguish. A bright ray system can be more conspicuous near full Moon.

Lighting

For surface relief, try a time when the Sun is low over this region. To compare surface brightness and any bright rays, return under higher illumination. The atlas calculates the solar elevation at the formation’s centre for any selected date.

View Hercules in the atlas

IAU / USGS Gazetteer

Official feature record

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Approved name
Hercules
Feature classification
Crater, craters
Catalogue diameter
68.32 km
Centre latitude
46.82° N
Centre longitude
39.21° E
Name origin (Gazetteer)
Latin spelling for Greek mythological hero Heracles.

Coordinates are selenographic, with east-positive longitude. Dimensions are the Gazetteer’s catalogue values; for extended formations they do not represent a circular crater diameter. Data snapshot: 2026-09-16. Observing guidance above is separate from the official record.

Nearby formations

The four closest catalogue entries, measured from their centres.

LROC photograph of AtlasImpact crater

Atlas

A northern crater east of Hercules. Rilles cross its uneven floor; resolving them requires steady air.

LROC photograph of EndymionImpact crater

Endymion

A dark-floored crater close to the northeastern limb. Perspective compresses its outline into an oval.

LROC photograph of AristotelesImpact crater

Aristoteles

A substantial northern crater near the eastern end of Mare Frigoris. Together with Eudoxus it forms an easily recognisable pair.

LROC photograph of EudoxusImpact crater

Eudoxus

A northern highland crater immediately south of Aristoteles. Its terraced walls enclose an uneven floor.