Diffuse Nebula · Orion

M78 NGC 2068

Magnitude
8.3
Season
Winter
Difficulty
Moderate
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Imaging reference
NGC 2068 (M78) Diffuse Nebula

Observer's guide

About NGC 2068

NGC 2068 (M78) is catalogued as a diffuse nebula in Orion. Its J2000 position is RA 05:46:45.82, Dec +00:04:45.5, corresponding to 86.6908 degrees RA and 0.0792 degrees Dec. The local catalogue places it about 1,600 light-years away. Its referenced angular extent is approximately 8 by 6 arcminutes.

Observing tips

StarWatchr rates this as a moderate target at magnitude 8.3. It is associated with winter observing, with midnight placement typically strongest around December. From 52 degrees north its theoretical meridian altitude is about 38.1 degrees; local horizons and the live altitude chart determine the practical window.

A small telescope under reasonably dark skies is a good starting point; use the live altitude chart to choose its highest point.

What to expect

The SIMBAD classification for the matched source is RNe. A published radial velocity value is 63.3 km/s. The SIMBAD record currently connects it to 400 bibliographic references.

At roughly 8 arcminutes across, it benefits from a narrower field and adequate image scale. Use the listed 8 by 6 arcminute extent to check framing, and treat catalogue magnitude as integrated brightness rather than a direct measure of visual contrast.

Sourced catalogue data

Scientific record

Measurements for M78 are kept separate from practical observing guidance.

Coordinates (J2000/ICRS)
RA 86.690833° · Dec 0.079167°
SIMBAD classification
RNe
Angular extent
8′ × 6′
Surface brightness
21.13 mag/arcsec²
Radial velocity
63.3 km/s
Redshift
0.00021117
Linked bibliography
400 references
Best midnight placement
December
Observable latitude range
-89.9° to 90°

Source: SIMBAD astronomical database (CDS, Strasbourg) (ODbL; checked 2026-08-09). Catalogue values may change when new measurements are published.

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